Backup de máquinas virtuais

Definição de VM Backup

Backup de máquinas virtuais is the process of backing up the máquinas virtuais (VMs) running in an enterprise environment. VMs usually run as guests on hypervisors that emulate a computer system, and allow multiple VMs to share a physical host hardware system. The most popular hypervisors are VMware vSphere and Microsoft Hyper-V, with other available hypervisors including cloud-based virtual machines.

À medida que as empresas passam a depender cada vez mais da virtualização, as máquinas virtuais (VMs) tornaram-se uma parte essencial dos ambientes de TI corporativos. Aplicativos de negócios, bancos de dados e até mesmo cargas de trabalho em contêineres são executados em VMs e geram grandes quantidades de dados que precisam ser protegidos por meio de uma solução robusta de proteção de dados. Os aplicativos que permitem às empresas fazer backup e restaurar todos os arquivos que compõem máquinas virtuais inteiras são chamados de software de VM Backup.

O que é VM Backup?

Virtual machine backup is a data protection solution for VMs that performs similar functions to traditional backup solutions that are used physical servers.  Virtual machine backup applications can perform a full backup of all files in a VM, an incremental backup, or differential backup. The vm backup software needs to run frequently and periodically to protect VM files, configurations, and continuously changing data.  Modern vm backup software will utilize enhancement capabilities available through the hypervisor that allow for quicker backups with less impact on the virtual machine.

Conceitos de VM Backup

A seguir, apresentamos os conceitos essenciais para compreender os procedimentos de VM Backup:

• Differential backup – Backup of only the files that have changed since the last full backup.
• File-level backup – Backup that is defined at the level of files and folders.
• Full backup – A backup of all files.
• Full vm backup – A backup of all files that comprise an entire virtual machine, including disk images, configuration files, and others.
• Image-level backup – or volume level is the backup of the entire storage volume
• Incremental backup – Backup of only the files that have changed since the last backup, either full or incremental.
• Quiescing – A process to bring the data of the virtual machine to a state suitable for backups including, flushing of buffers from the operating systems memory cache to disk or other application specific tasks.

O que é o processo de VM Backup e como ele funciona?

Assim como no backup de servidores físicos, o VM Backup protege todos os itens associados a uma máquina virtual. Os backups de máquinas virtuais podem ser realizados de várias maneiras, seja por meio de um agente de backup instalado no sistema operacional convidado, seja por meio da integração com o hipervisor, que permite backups sem agente. Independentemente do destino do processo de backup da máquina virtual, siga cuidadosamente as etapas para garantir um backup adequado e a proteção dos dados. As principais etapas do VM Backup incluem:

• Discovery. One needs to discover the virtual machines in their environment
• Registro do computador cliente. Crie um registro separado para cada VM
• Marque as VMs para backup. Identifique as VMs que serão protegidas e os Agentes de Servidor Virtual que executarão o processo de vmbackup
• Discos associados. Identifique os discos associados às VMs marcadas para backup
• Fluxos de backup. Atribuir fluxos de backup aos proxies em uma sequência round-robin
• Baixar dados. Use os agentes do servidor virtual para baixar os dados de backup
• Snapshot. Criar um snapshot de máquina virtual usando a API do hipervisor
• Backup. Conclua o processo de backup salvando uma cópia dos dados em outro local

Executar o cliente de backup dentro de uma máquina virtual.

Because a virtual machine is just like a physical machine, it can be backed up in the same manner as a physical machine using backup software running inside the virtual machine.  With this method, the backup agent performs quiescing of the virtual machine being backed up.  This is typically used for file-level backup of the data stored on the disk of the virtual machine.

This method has advantages and disadvantages.  Advantages can be there are no procedural changes or skills required since the backup agent is similar process to that of a physical server backup.  This method can help with consistency of application data for some business critical workloads like databases.  A disadvantage could be higher usage of the hosts resources as the backup operation is being carried out.  However, computer resources today are more capable and the backup software is less resource intensive.

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Executando o cliente de backup no host da máquina virtual.

Because a virtual machine is made up of a few files, those files can back up through integration with the hypervisor.  This allows for the files that make up the virtual machine to be backed up as files, but with a few differences.  Since these files are being written to while the virtual machine is running, the VM must be power off, or a snapshot method must be used to backup the files.  This type of backup using snapshots can require quiescing of the virtual machine.  Different operating systems respond in different ways to produce crash-consistent, file-system consistent or application-consistent snapshots.

If your VM backups include transactional apps such as database and email servers, quiescing them to make sure that they are in a proper state for backup is referred to as application-consistent as an example.  Before a backup starts, the application is paused to ensure that any outstanding transactions and writes are written to disk. This step ensures that the server is aware of the operation and that no data will be lost if VM recovery is needed. Quiescing only works with applications that support the pausing and writing of pending data whenever necessary.

Por que o VM Backup é importante?

The amount of data created daily is staggering, and all of it must be stored and protected against loss. By 2025, it is estimated that 463 exabytes de dados will be created each day. Users expect to have the data they need accessible and available around the clock. Without virtual machine backup, it is fair to expect some data loss and application failure due to scheduled and unscheduled disruptions. Without vmbackup, many businesses would suffer and lose vital data due to extended disruptions and disaster recovery times. A vmbackup solution keeps the business engines running and brings them back to life faster after outages, ransomware attacks corruption, or any other event that damages their data.

Benefícios do VM Backup

Digital data and applications are the drivers of business growth. Proteção de cargas de trabalho essenciais aos negócios e das máquinas virtuais (VMs) associadas a elas and data is vital for business survival. Data protection provide a safety net against data loss or corruption. O backup de máquinas virtuais amplia a proteção às MVs, which are the workhorse of modern IT, but often are overlooked by legacy backup solutions. Backing up VMs ensures your data, configurations, and files’ safety and enables faster recovery after disruptions. Modern vm backup software delivers full VM protection and contribute to business resiliency.